A dislocated knee cap is when the triangle-shaped bone covering the knee (patella) moves or slides out of place. The problem usually occurs toward the outside of leg. See dislocation.
A careful vascular examination is essential, as popliteal artery injury occurs in 7-45% of all dislocations knee. The popliteal artery can be damaged severely in the open and closed dislocations, and that these lesions should be ruled out at the knees that have relocated spontaneously. Palpation of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial arteries, with capillary refill assessment is necessary. The presence of normal pulses does not exclude the presence of injury vascular important. The coexistence of peroneal nerve injury occurs in 25-35% of patients and presents with decreased sensation in the web space first with impaired dorsiflexion of the foot.
Causes
Dislocation may also occur as a direct result of the injury. When it is dislocated, the kneecap may slip sideways and around the outside of the knee.
The first few times this happens, you will feel pain and be unable to walk. However, if dislocations continue to occur and are untreated, you may feel less pain and less immediate disability. This is not a reason to avoid treatment. Cover damage Knee dislocation of the knee joint.
Symptoms and signs
Swelling and muscle spasm progress during the first hours. With Grade 2 sprain, the pain is usually moderate or severe. With 3 degree sprains, pain may be mild, and surprisingly, some patients can walk unaided. An acoustic pop suggests a torn ACL, but is rare. A stroke suggests anterior cruciate ligament injury and possibly in other joint structures. However, with Tears of severe 3rd degree medial collateral ligament or ACL, the spill not be apparent because these tears can result in joint capsule open, allowing blood to exit the joint.
Diagnosis
X-rays may be recommended to see how it fits the patella in its slot. Your doctor may also want to eliminate other possible reasons for pain, as a torn cartilage or ligaments of the knee. The following procedures image can be used to watch include:
X-rays – a diagnostic test which uses invisible electromagnetic energy beams to produce images of internal tissues, bones and organs onto film.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – a diagnostic procedure that uses a combination of large magnets, and a computer to produce detailed images of organs and structures within the body.
Prevention
Use proper techniques when exercising or playing sports. Maintain strength and flexibility of the knee. Some cases of knee dislocation may not be preventable, especially if anatomic factors predispose to dislocation.
Treatment
Non-Surgical
Normal care of dislocations patella, when a loose fragment has not been created is the immobilization of the knee during a short period of time (seven to 10 days). During this time, the inflammation is reduced and the acute discomfort of dislocation reduction. Slow mobilization of the knee and patellofemoral joint began then, and recovery usually can be expected to be complete within a week for three to six period. This period of time is decreased significantly when the dislocation of the patella is recurring.
Initial treatment consists of a knee immobilizer or cylinder cast, followed by gentle active range of motion (ROM) exercises. Physical therapy should be involved to help regain joint and leg strength, especially quadriceps muscles. Taping techniques have been explored with varying results.
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Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – Knee Cap Dislocation – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment
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